Modern monarchy
Norway’s new king: understanding Haakon VIII’s accession
A constitutional transition in August 2026 connects a new reign with a familiar national promise.
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Modern monarchy
Fresh perspectives and useful reading.
Modern monarchy
Carl XVI Gustaf at eighty: royal anniversaries and public memory
Sweden’s 2026 celebrations show how a birthday and a wedding anniversary become national occasions.
Modern monarchy
What Willem-Alexander’s throne speech actually tells readers
The September 2026 Dutch speech rewards a careful distinction between a king’s voice and a government programme.
Modern monarchy
Felipe VI and the making of a constitutional king
Spain’s official biography is best read alongside the oath that marked the beginning of the reign.